Cytoplasmic dna sensing

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August undefined, 2024

WebMar 26, 2024 · Pharmaceutical inhibition of autophagosome formation induced cytoplasmic DNA accumulation, eventually triggering cytoplasmic DNA sensing pathways to exert cytotoxicity, preferentially in leukemia cells. Thus, manipulation of cytoplasmic dsDNA dynamics can be a novel and potent therapeutic strategy for myeloid leukemias. WebMar 24, 2009 · Cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA triggers cell death and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β in macrophages. Recent reports now describe the mechanism underlying this observation. Upon sensing of DNA, the HIN-200 family member AIM2 triggers the assembly of the inflammasome, culminating in caspase-1 activation, IL …

Frontiers Cytoplasmic DNAs: Sources, sensing, and roles …

WebNational Center for Biotechnology Information WebMar 4, 2024 · Cytoplasmic DNA potentiates CD4 + T cell activation and aging-related autoimmunity • DNA sensing by KU complex, but not … tsc tony little

The Cytoplasmic DNA Sensor cGAS Promotes Mitotic Cell Death

WebApr 30, 2024 · DNA is a pathogen-associated molecular pattern when delivered to the host cytoplasm by viral or microbial infection, and a danger-associated molecular pattern when leaked into the cytoplasm... Metrics - Cytosolic DNA sensing by cGAS: regulation, function, and human ... - Nature Full Size Table - Cytosolic DNA sensing by cGAS: regulation, function, and human … Full Size Image - Cytosolic DNA sensing by cGAS: regulation, function, and human … Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy is an online-only, open access journal … WebJul 11, 2024 · Pathogenic and other cytoplasmic DNAs activate the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway to induce inflammation via transcriptional activation by IRF3 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), but the functional consequences of exposing cGAS to chromosomes upon mitotic n … WebOct 28, 2024 · Cytoplasmic DNA: sources, sensing, and role in aging and disease. Endogenous cytoplasmic DNA (cytoDNA) species are emerging as key mediators of … tsc tonbridge

Cytoplasmic DNA: sources, sensing, and role in aging and …

WebJul 11, 2024 · Unlike fertilization, when nucleosome-free sperm DNA is rapidly chromatinized in egg cytoplasm, in somatic cells invading pathogenic DNA is sensed by pattern-recognition receptors such as cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) (Chen et al., 2016, Sun et al., 2013) (Figure 1). WebIn Nature, Taniguchi and colleagues have identified the DNA-dependent activator of interferon-regulatory factors (DAI) as a candidate cytoplasmic sensor for pathogen … tsc tony little cheeksWebOct 28, 2024 · Certainly, cGAS has been reported to be capable of sensing all major cytoDNA species, but detection of cytoDNA by other DNA sensors, proteins specific … tsc toledo

"WebJul 6, 2024 · Cytoplasmic DNA sensing pathways. Cytoplasmic DNA is a danger-associated molecular pattern when it translocates into the cytoplasm from the nucleus (e.g. through genomic instability that facilitates the inclusion of damaged DNA in micronuclei prone to lose their membrane), by an accumulation of mitochondrial DNA following … " - Cytoplasmic dna sensing

Cytoplasmic dna sensing

Cytoplasmic DNA accumulation preferentially triggers cell death …

WebDive into the research topics of 'Cytoplasmic DNA: sources, sensing, and role in aging and disease'. Together they form a unique fingerprint. DNA Medicine & Life Sciences 100%. Inflammation Mediators Medicine & Life Sciences 57%. Therapeutics Medicine & Life Sciences 14%. View full fingerprint ... WebThe second type of cytoplasmic DNA sensor is AIM2. Upon sensing DNA, AIM2 triggers the assembly of the inflammasome, culminating in interleukin maturation. In addition to these receptors, there is a mechanism to sense foreign DNA, with the host RNA polymerase III converting the DNA into RNA for recognition by the RNA sensor RIG-I. These ...

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WebThe cGAS/STING pathway is a cytoplasmic DNA sensor, and activation of the cGAS/STING pathway leads to two independent downstream pathways: type I IFNs through IRF3 and proinflammatory responses through NFκB16. Both the IRF3- and NF-κB-dependent pathways lead to the production of inflammatory growth factors and … WebNov 3, 2024 · Chromosomal DNA in the cytoplasm can be generated by chromosome mis-segregation during cell division, such as micronuclei, 28,29 or by nucleus-to-cytoplasm transport of chromatin fragments under ...

WebMar 30, 2024 · We first asked whether cytoplasmic sensors of LPS other than caspase-11 could be detected in innate immune cells. Immunoprecipitates of biotin-labeled LPS from immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophage (iBMDM) cell lysates (Figure 1 A) were analyzed by mass cytometry.Caspase-11 was identified among the most abundant LPS … WebMar 26, 2024 · Moreover, cytoplasmic DNA can trigger DNA sensing pathway-mediated cytotoxicity in leukemia cells upon its accumulation. This accumulation arises from the inhibition of its...

WebFeb 6, 2024 · This DNA is sensed by certain receptors that mediate cytokine production and, in some cases, initiate an inflammatory and lytic form of cell death called pyroptosis. Dysregulation of these DNA-sensing pathways is thought to contribute to autoimmune diseases and the development of cancer.

WebJul 13, 2024 · Whether IFI16 plays a role in DNA sensing in HSPC remains to be ... An orthogonal proteomic-genomic screen identifies AIM2 as a cytoplasmic DNA sensor for the inflammasome. Nature Immunol. 2009;10 ...

WebFeb 6, 2024 · Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), the founding member of the innate immune sensors for DNA, is composed of a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain and a Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain. TLR9 was discovered first in mouse macrophages and later in human cells ( FIGURE 1) ( 10, 41 ). As is the case for most other TLR family members, … phil mccauslandWebThe cGAS/STING pathway is a cytoplasmic DNA sensor, and activation of the cGAS/STING pathway leads to two independent downstream pathways: type I IFNs … phil mcchesneyWebAug 21, 2024 · Length-dependent sensing of cytoplasmic DNA by cGAS. (1) Different types of DNAs are presented, ordered according to the predicted sensitivity of cGAS to these molecules 1 3 8 (note: a concurrent analysis of these DNA forms has not been performed to date). Short dsDNAs are ~45–70 bp long 1, with the 45-bp ISD (interferon … phil mcclean ndsuWebMar 26, 2009 · Host- and pathogen-associated cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA triggers the activation of a NALP3 (also known as cryopyrin and NLRP3)-independent inflammasome, which activates caspase-1 leading to maturation of pro-interleukin-1beta and inflammation. The nature of the cytoplasmic-DNA-sensing inflamma … phil mccavity full moviesWebCyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a major cytoplasmic DNA sensor in various types of cells that detect either invaded foreign DNA or aberrantly located self-DNA. Upon … phil mccausland nbcWebOct 1, 2024 · Cytoplasmic DNA and cytoplasmic DNA-sensing adapter STING play key parts in aortic degeneration by promoting smooth muscle cell damage, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) production in macrophages ... phil mccheyne photographyWebOct 19, 2010 · Innate immune responses to pathogens are often triggered by nucleic acids, including DNA delivered to the cytoplasm of cells. IFI16 is a newly identified cytoplasmic DNA sensor that induces the ... tsc tony little shoes